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Eight Secrets to Improving Your Portfolio Returns

By Joshua Kennon, About.com

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How You Hold Your Investments Can Be a Multi-Million Dollar Decision

Different accounts have different tax characteristics under the law. In a Traditional IRA, for example, you can deduct the contributions you make from your income taxes, the money will grow tax-free until you withdraw it, when you will be taxed on the gains as they are distributed. A Roth IRA, on the other hand, does not permit you to deduct the contributions from your income taxes, but the money that grows in the account will never be taxed according to current law. That means if you have $10,000 in your account and find the next Wal-Mart, growing it to over $10,000,000 in a few decades, Uncle Sam isn’t going to share in the bounty; it’s all yours.

Remember you should always consult with your own well regarded and recognized tax advisor so you can get informed advice based on your individual situation. Most tax-advantaged accounts are subject to maximum contribution rules each year so you are often forced to decide which assets to hold where. A few general rules are:

  • Tax-efficient investments such as index-based mutual funds should be held directly with the fund company or through a brokerage account. Since they are not likely to buy and sell investments often, gains can build up in the form of underlying appreciation. More on that later.
  • Cash generating assets such as REITs, dividend-rich stocks, and corporate bonds should be held in tax-advantaged accounts. Shares of companies that retain all of their profits and you plan on holding for long periods of time might be best held in brokerage accounts. A business such as Berkshire Hathaway, which has not paid a dividend since the mid-1960’s, is a good candidate because as long as you bought your shares and are still holding them, you haven’t paid a dime in taxes. Instead, your money has been compounding just as if it were in a Traditional IRA with a tax due only upon sale.

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