Investing for Beginners

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Ten Part Guide to Beat the Market

By Joshua Kennon, About.com

4 of 10

Commit to a Value Investing Philosophy

If you want to be successful, it is probably a good idea to study those people and companies that have already achieved that success. In the stock market, it should be fairly obvious to an outside observer that the best returns over long periods of time are typically racked up by value investors that focus on buying assets for less than their true value such as Marty Whitman, Warren Buffett, Charlie Munger, Peter Lynch (despite owning some growth names, his positions were always based upon a relationship to the company’s earnings or assets), Eddie Lampert, Wally Weitz, and a host of other folks who are focused on the relationships such as the multiple of book value to market price, discounted earnings, multiples to cash flow, or owner earnings, price-to-earnings ratios, and other factors, many of which were first preached by legendary author, professor, and money manager Benjamin Graham.

In practical terms, this means that when you buy a stock, you should know exactly the growth rate required in the underlying earnings for it to meet your expectations. It is insufficient to say, “I bought shares of McDonald’s because I believe in ten years, they will be worth 400% more than I paid for them.” Instead, you should say, “Based upon the company’s currently low p/e ratio, improved earnings, plan to sell of locations in Latin America, and cash dividend and share repurchase programs, I think that 15% growth per annum, on average, is very likely over the next ten years. The result is a total pre-tax gain of 400% on an investment today.” The difference between the first and second statements is night and day; throwing a dart toward the stock tables versus making an informed, analytical decision based upon underlying fundamentals.

I’ve put together an entire Value Investing category filled with articles and resources to help you get started.

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